CTFL – Syllabus v4.0 – 8. Appendix A – Learning Objectives/Cognitive Level of Knowledge

The following learning objectives are defined as applying to this syllabus. Each topic in the syllabus will be examined according to the learning objective for it. The learning objectives begin with an action verb corresponding to its cognitive level of knowledge as listed below.

Level 1: Remember (K1) – the candidate will remember, recognize and recall a term or concept.

Action verbs: identify, recall, remember, recognize.

Examples:

  • “Identify typical test objectives .”
  • “Recall the concepts of the test pyramid.”
  • “Recognize how a tester adds value to iteration and release planning”

Level 2: Understand (K2) – the candidate can select the reasons or explanations for statements related to the topic, and can summarize, compare, classify and give examples for the testing concept.

Action verbs: classify, compare, contrast, differentiate, distinguish, exemplify, explain, give examples, interpret, summarize.

Examples:

  • “Classify the different options for writing acceptance criteria.”
  • “Compare the different roles in testing” (look for similarities, differences or both).
  • “Distinguish between project risks and product risks” (allows concepts to be differentiated).
  • “Exemplify the purpose and content of a test plan.”
  • “Explain the impact of context on the test process.”
  • “Summarize the activities of the review process.”

Level 3: Apply (K3) – the candidate can carry out a procedure when confronted with a familiar task, or
select the correct procedure and apply it to a given context.

Action verbs: apply, implement, prepare, use.

Examples:

  • “Apply test case prioritization” (should refer to a procedure, technique, process, algorithm etc.).
  • “Prepare a defect report.”
  • “Use boundary value analysis to derive test cases.”

References for the cognitive levels of learning objectives:

  • Anderson, L. W. and Krathwohl, D. R. (eds) (2001) A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching
  • Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Allyn & Bacon

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